Akhnoor Fort (Jammu)
Raja Alam Singh constructed the Akhnoor fort, which is located on the Chenab River’s bank, in 1802.
Raja Tegh Singh actually instructed construction on the fort to start in 1762.
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has been in charge of the fort since 1982, and the Monument Act of 1958 has designated it as a national monument.
Corners features two-story watchtowers. The fort is situated atop an old site that represents three historical eras.
The red and grey Harappan earthenware, which includes jars, beakers, and goblets, is a representation of the first phase. The existence of early historic pottery denotes the second era, while Kushana artifacts and a spectacular wall of rubble diaper masonry, flanked on both sides by a 3-meter-wide street, reflect the third period.
Jia Pota Ghat is one of several ghats on the Chenab’s right bank; the others are downstream at Pehra, Gurgi Pattan, and Harmandar (named for Hari Mandir).
It’s interesting to note that the Jia Pota Ghat gained its name from the Jia Pota tree, which provided shade for Maharaja Gulab Singh during the Raj Tilak ceremony.
At Jia Pota, against the backdrop of Akhnoor Fort, on June 17, 1822 A.D., the generous Maharaja Ranieet Singh, one of the most powerful kings, crowned Gulab Singh as Raja of the Jammu region. A commemorative tablet featuring a scene from Raj Tilak has been placed in the ghat to mark the coronation day of Maharaja Gulab Singh.
Akhnoor is regarded by historians as the northernmost tip of the Jia Pota Ghat is one of several ghats on the Chenab’s right bank; the others are downstream at Pehra, Gurgi Pattan, and Harmandar (named for Hari Mandir).
Akhnoor is regarded by historians as the northernmost tip of the Indus valley civilisation.
AMAR MAHAL PALACE (Jammu)
The 1862 construction of Amar Mahal Palace included a distinctive French-chateau architectural design. On the Tawi River’s banks stands this palace.
This building was constructed for the Dogra ruler Raja Amar Singh.
The Dogra Kings, or Suryavanshi Rajputs, lived in Amar Mahal until Maharani Tara Devi, the late Raja Hari Singh’s wife, moved there.
Following Maharani Tara Devi’s demise in 1967, this palace was transformed into a museum by her son Dr. Karan Singh and his spouse Mrs. Yasho Rajya Lakshmi.
On April 13, 1975, Mrs. Indira Gandhi, the Indian prime minister at the time, officially opened the museum.
The centerpiece of this museum is the 120 kg, pure gold golden throne of Jammu.
ANCIENT SITE OF CHAKRADHAR / SEMTHAN
The well-known location of Semthan is situated from Bijbehara, the ancient Vejeshwara town.
There is a tiny hillock named Chakdar (ancient Chakradhara), i.e. Vishnu, near this town.
Both the Vitasta Mahatmeya and the Nilmat Purana mention this name. According to renowned historian Jonaraja, there formerly stood a Vishnu temple here.
This mound is home to a tomb known as Totak Shah’s mausoleum. Near this tomb, a chinar is also standing by himself. In the vicinity, there are numerous shattered earthen pots and fragments of pottery. In addition to a few Greek coins, Parthian and Kashmiri kings’ coins were discovered there.
BAHU FORT (Jammu)
Standing tall and robust on the Tawi River’s left bank is Bahu Fort.
One of the city’s oldest landmarks, this beautiful fort was built more than 3000 years ago by Raja Bahucholan.This fort is well-known for its shrine dedicated to Goddess Kali.Worshipped by the people of Jammu, Goddess Kali is a powerful emblem of maternal love strengthened by unbreakable feminine energy. She is believed to be a reincarnation of Goddess Parvati.
This temple is commonly referred to as Bave Wali Mata Temple by the locals.
BALIDAAN STAMBH-WAR MEMORIAL
The Indian Army conceived a unique war memorial at Bahu Wali Rakh, close to the old Bahu Fort, and named it Balidan Stambh, or the monument of sacrifice, in Jammu, to honor the martyrs of numerous battles fought in J&K since independence.The earliest war memorial in India is called Balidan Stambh; the word “Sacrifice” in Hindi is Balidan, and “Pillar” is Stambh.
BHIMGARH FORT
Located in the charming town of Reasi district. Bhimgarh Fort, sometimes referred to as Reasi Fort, is a historical landmark.
The fort was first built entirely of mud or clay, but Maharaia Rishipal Rana—the man who founded Reasi—later rebuilt it using stone.
Maharaja Gulab Singh of the Dogra Dynasty began renovating Reasi Fort in 1817 and finished it in 1841.
King Gulab Singh had added a stone wall and an entry gate to the fort.
When the fort came under the authority of the Archaeological Survey of India in 1989, it underwent renovations.
Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine Board refurbished it in 1990.
BUMZUVA CAVE TEMPLE
This temple, which honors Lord Shiva, is situated not far from the Pahalgam highway.One cave has a trefoil-arched gateway with a pediment and side walls surmounting it, housing a temple.
DRAS WAR MEMORIAL
The Indian Army constructed the Dras War Memorial near Kargil to honor the soldiers and officers who died in the Kargil conflict in 1999.Another name for it is Vijavpath. The pink sandstone wall bearing the names of the warriors who lost their lives defending the nation is the primary attraction here.The “Manoi Pandey Gallery” features artillery and weaponry found during the conflict, together with pictures taken at that period.
Kargil Viay Diwas is observed annually on July 26 at the Dras War Memorial as a way to honor those warriors.
HARI PARBAT FORT
Kooh-e-Maran, another name for Hari Parbat, is a location in Srinagar that is west of Dal Lake.In the eighteenth century, Afghan governor Atta Mohammed Khan constructed this Mughal building.Later, Emperor Akbar built a lengthy wall in 1590.
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is responsible for maintaining this fort, which continues to impress with its antique rooms and tall pillars. The Makhdoom Sahib shrine may be seen from above thanks to Hari Parbat.
JAMIA MASJID
In Kashmir, under Sultan Sikandar’s rule, the Jamia Masjid was constructed in 1400 A.D.Located in the center of Srinagar’s historic district, Nowhatta, lies Bud Pasha. This Indo-Saracen building features an amazing courtyard and 370 wooden pillars. One of India’s most revered mosques is Jamia Masjid.Later, Sultan Sikandar’s son Zain-ul-Abidin felt the need to open up this mosque to more people, thus he created space for 33,333 Muslim members to pray. This mosque dates back to the year 1400 A.D.
MAHAMAYA TEMPLE
A female freedom fighter from the Dogra community named Mahamaya is honored in the Mahamaya shrine.A tale claims that Mahamaya, the courageous independence fighter, was killed in combat with foreign invaders.In memory of this brave woman, a temple was constructed. The temple is located behind the Bahu Fort on the Bypass Road.
MARTAND SUN TEMPLE
Built in the 7th and 8th centuries, Martand Sun Temple is a magnificent shrine devoted to Surya, the Sun. The Hindu Sun God is also known by the Sanskrit term Martand.The third king of the Karkota Dynasty, Lalitaditva, constructed the temple complex.The entire edifice, which is made of limestone, was erected atop a plateau close to Anantnag.
MUBARAK MANDI PALACE
The palace’s architecture is a complex fusion of Mughal, European, and Rajasthani elements.The Dogra Art Museum, located in The Shesh Mahal, also known as The Pink Hall, is one of its most impressive sections. Among its many fascinating artifacts are various miniature paintings and Emperor Shah Jahan’s golden bow and arrow.This Palace complex’s oldest structure was constructed in 1824. Located inside the Mubarak Mandi Complex, Rani Charak Mahal is one of the beautiful structures from the Dogra era.
About 150 years ago, red bricks and mortar were used to build this mansion.
Up until 1925, when Maharaja Hari Singh relocated the seat to Hari Niwas Palace on Manda Hills, which is situated outside of Jammu city, the royal women of the Dogra dynasty resided here.
MUGHAL GARDENS
When the Shahmiri Sultanate was established in Kashmir in the fourteenth century, Islam was introduced to the area. The charmingly called “Great King,” Sultan Zain-ul-Abideen, also known as Budsah (Bod-Shah), is credited with building several gardens, including those in his capital Naushehar, Andurkot (Bagh-i-Safa), and the island garden of Zani Lank inside the Wular Lake.
The Mughal island gardens of Ropa Lank and Sona Lank situated within Dal Lake were modeled after the garden of Zani Lank.Around the Lachma Kul, Hassan Shah Chak, another Sultan, built a huge garden at Nauhatta.Later, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurengzeb—four more Mughal Emperors—used Kashmir as their summer retreat.
Many gardens are constructed; a few are listed below:
ACHABAL BAGH
The Mughals did not arrive in Kashmir until before the royal garden of Achabal, which is close to Anantnag.Begumabad was named after Empress Nur Jahan, who planted the current garden around 1620.was also referred to as Sahebabad Garden during the Mughal era, honoring Jahangir, the Mughal Emperor.
It is situated at the foot of Acchabal Thung, a mountain covered in forests.
The spring, which is the focal point of the garden, collects water in a canal (nahr), which branches off into smaller canals that are covered by platforms and pavilions (baradari) constructed over the waterway.
CHASHMA SHAHI
Ali Mardan Khan created the garden in 1632 at the behest of Emperor Shah Jahan, centered around a bountiful spring that bubbled up from the Zabarwan Mountains’ slopes.
NISHAT BAGH
One of the most well-known gardens the Mughals created was the Nishat Bagh, which was laid out in the 17th century (1634 AD) by Mirza Abul Hasan.At the base of the Zabarwan mountain range, the bagh, or garden, is situated exactly along the Dal Lake’s eastern side.
PARI MAHAL
Above the lovely Chashme Shahi Gardens close to Srinagar lies a seven-terraced garden called Pari Mahal.Dara Shikoh, the eldest son of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, constructed the Palace of Fairies, also known as Pari Mahal. The mahal was reportedly previously a Buddhist monastery.Later on, prince Dara Shikoh used it as an astrological school. Pari Mahal’s architecture is in the typical Islamic style.
SHALIMAR BAGH
Emperor Jahangir built his dream project, the famed Shalimar Bagh, to appease his queen. He transformed the old garden into a royal garden in 1619 and gave it the name “Farah Baksh” (which translates to “the delightful”). He built it for his “light of the world,” his wife Nur Jahan.
On orders from Emperor Shah Jahan, Zafar Khan, the ruler of Kashmir, expanded it in 1630. He called it Faiz Baksh, “the bountiful”. Subsequent to Zafar Khan, the Pathan and Sikh governors converted it into a leisure place.
History
It is thought that at the time the garden was a holy place, Pravarassena II constructed a villa at Shalimar in the late sixth century. In the sixteenth century.The canal and bund (embankment) leading to Shalimar are credited to the early Muslim monarch Zain-ul-Abidin. Emperor Jahangir designed the Farah Bakhsh, also known as the Joy-Imparting’ garden or Shalimar Bagh’s lower garden, circa 1620.Shah Jahan’s successor, Prince Khurram, was in charge of the building.
In addition to the previous Farah Bakhsh at Shalimar Bagh, Shah Jahan added the Fayz Bakhsh, often known as the Bounty-Bestowing’ garden or the zenana. Zafar Khan, the Mughal administrator of Kashmir, completed the construction of the black marble pavilion within the zenana sometime around 1630.
According to the requirements of the royalty, the entire royal garden was split into the two main sections.The Diwan-i-Aam, which occupied the first three terraces in the lower part, served as the emperor’s public audience hall.The top two terraces, appropriately named the Diwan-i-Khas, were reserved for the Emperor and his courtiers.
The Pink Pavilion, which is situated in the garden’s Diwan-i-Aam zone, and the Black Pavilion, which is situated in the Diwan-i-Khas, are the two most significant buildings within Shalimar Bagh. Six watch towers are located throughout the walled garden: one at each of the four corners and one in the center.
VERINAG
The octagonal pavilion-garden known as Verinag is constructed around a spring that is recognized as the Jehlum River’s source.Emperor Jahangir instructed Mirza Haider, a skilled engineer of the Mughal Court, to build the garden.According to a Persian quatrain, the garden was built between 1619 and 1620. During the reign of Emperor Shah Jahan, the garden underwent additional expansion in 1626–1627 and was given the new name Shahabad.
The garden also had several baradaris, or royal toilets, which have since been destroyed.
PANCH PEER
Situated near the Maharaja Palace of the Dogra dynasty, the Dargah of Panch Peer holds immense religious significance.This location is known as Panch Peer because it is thought to be the five Sufi saints’ abode of meditation and teaching. Each year, thousands of followers pay their respects to the graves of these five saints.
PEER KHO CAVE TEMPLE
The temple is devoted to Lord Shiva and houses a black Shiva Lingam that is a Swayambhu, or naturally occurring structure. Jamvant Cave gets its alternate name from the belief that Jamvant, the ‘King of Bears’, a well-known figure in the Ramayana, meditated here.
Within this shrine are two naturally occurring caverns. Within the city of temples are two temples: Peer Kho Tenmple and Peer Mitha.The temple was constructed in the fifteenth century A.D. for Saint Siddha Ghareeb Nath, also known as Peer, during the reign of Raja Ajaib Dev, based on unverified historical accounts. The River Tawi is close to the shrine.
POONCH FORT
Raja Abdul Razak Khan set the groundwork for this fort in AD 1713, but his son Raia Rustam Khan finished building it between AD 1760 and 1787.The fort consists of a collection of structures grouped around four irregular courtyards. These buildings date back to the different periods of Dogra, Sikh, and Muslim sovereignty.
Raja Moti Singh (1850–1892) restored the fort years after it was built, bringing in a European architect to create the front portion. Poonch Fort became the imperial secretariat under Raja Baldev Singh’s reign, while Moti Mahal became the Imperial palace.
RAM NAGAR PALACE
Ramnagar Fort, which is located close to Sheesh Mahal in Udhampur, is significant historically.The Archaeological Survey of India undertook the renovations in 1972.It is tucked away on the banks of the River Tawi’s tributary, Mansa Devi Nallah.
The son of Maharaja Ranbir Singh, Raja Suchet Singh built the Ramnagar Fort during his reign as the region’s monarch.
Following his death in 1844, his widow performed Sati next to the fort. As a result, the queen’s Samadhi is visible close to the palace from the 19th century. The fort is located in Ramnagar, a city named for its previous monarch, King Ram Singh.
RANBIRESHWAR TEMPLE
It is one of the most venerated locations in Jammu & Kashmir and is devoted to Lord Shiva. One of the biggest Lord Shiva temples in all of North India is this one.Maharaja Ranbir Singh, the son of Maharaja Gulab Singh, the founder of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, constructed this shrine between 1882 and 1883.There are twelve crystal Shiva lingams within this temple. Mahashivratri is a magnificent event that is observed.
SHRINE OF HAZRAT GANGA BABA RISHI
One of the most well-known graves in the Badgam region is the shrine of Hazrat Ganga Baba Rishi, which is situated in Palapora near Poshker.Baba Rishi, who is worshipped here, is credited with building roughly 360 mosques and an equal number of culverts.After leaving Maraz, he settled in Palapora, where the locals claim he planted thousands of seedlings during his stay.
THE SHRINE OF KHAN SAHIB,
The shrine, located in the Khan Sahib block of the Budgam district, is dedicated to Hazrat Salen Khan, a well-known saint who came to this area in the sixteenth century with his father, Ismail Sahib, and was a native of Pakhla village, which is now in Pakistan.
It is said that on the day of his son’s birth, 99 saints went to meet the newborn at Ismail Sahab’s home. The father of Syed Salen brought his kid to the revered Kashmiri saint Baba Naseeb-ud-Din Gazi, where they spent more than a year.
Afterwards, the Baba gave Ismail Sahib permission to depart, but Syed Salen Khan remained behind to receive 13 years of religious and spiritual guidance from the Baba. People started coming to see Syed Salen Khan while he was living in the cave, and before long, he was well-known as a saint of the highest kind.
After him, the location was dubbed Khan Sahib. On Zeelqad17, 1019 Hijri, Hazrat Syed Saleh Khan departed from this life.He was a skilled calligraphy, and Watal Kadal in Srinagar has a copy of the Holy Quran that he calligraphed. Syed Saleh Khan Sahib’s tomb hosts a week-long urs (festival) in the month of Zeelgad.
SHRINE OF SYED MOHAMMAD SAMRI
Hazrat Syed Mohammad Samnri’s shrine is located in Khag block near Lasapora.The followers swarm the temple on the twelfth day of Phaguna to offer their respects to the spiritual master.The saint came to this place from Shopian, in Pulwama, some hundred years ago. He spent his final years as a monk in the deep jungles.
His grave is at Laspora.
THICKSEY GOMPA
The Gelukpa Order of Buddhism is home to the Thiksey Monastery, which was established in 1430 AD and is perched on a mountaintop north of the Indus River.Within the Thiksey monastery is a temple called Lakhang Nyerma, which is devoted to the goddess Dorje Chenmo.Held in Thiksey Gompa between September 17 and 19, the Gustor rite is held there. The sacred mask dance, which is celebrated annually, is also done at the Gustor rite.
24. TOMB OF BABA LATIF-UD-DIN
Hazrat Baba Latif-ud-din Qazi, a deserving follower of the Sheikh-ul-Alam (RA), is buried at Poshker village.The Baba had to travel from Kishtwar to Kashmir in search of work, and once he was here, he started looking for a spiritual mentor. He found Poshke through this search, and there he met Sheikh-ul-Alam (RA).The Baba, who was then known as Ludo Raina, requested a spiritual healing for his illnesses.
Raina was inspired by the Sheikh’s spiritual strength and became his disciple, becoming known as Hazrat Baba Latif-ud-Din. On the directions of Sheikh Noor-ud-din Nooraní (RA), the Baba departed from Poshker and spent years together in meditation in a cave called Baba Marg, which is located distant from Poshker. He eventually passed away there as well.The Baba’s disciples were worried about how their other colleagues from far places would get to this far-off cave to carry out his final rituals. Every year on the 7th of Phaguna, a ritual is performed at the tomb where artifacts, including a Baba sword, are on exhibit.
TOMB OF MADIN SHAH
Located to the north of the Madin Shah Mosque in Zadibal is a memorial shrine known as the Tomb of Madin Shah.The mausoleum was built in the 15th-century Kashmiri architectural style as a memorial to Madin Shah, a saintly figure who was highly regarded in the Kashmir valley.
TOMB OF MIR SHAMAS-UD-DIN IRAQI
Chadoora is also home to the shrine of the highly regarded Shiite theologist Mir Budsam Shams ud-Din Aragi. Shamsuddin Iraqí arrived in Kashmir at the end of the 15th century.He fled Kashmir and brought his followers with him when he returned in 1502. His mother also came from a Syed family in Qazvin, Iran, while his father was a Mosvi Syed.
TOMB OF SHAM DED
The Tomb of Sham Ded is situated in Poshker village inside the Budgam area. Sham Ded was the daughter of an ironsmith who received spiritual education from Sheikh-ul-Alam and Hazrat Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani (RA).Shan Ded’s name came from Baba Latif-ud-din Qazi, who was a follower of Hazrat Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani.The person who reportedly informed Baba Latif-ud-din about Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani’s passing was Sham Ded.
By the time she shared the information, it was dusk. Her name, Sham, meaning evening, was chosen as a result.
TOMB OF SHEIKH NOOR-UD-DIN
The tomb of Sheikh Noor-ud-Din, also known as Alamdar-e-Kashmir or the flaa-bearer of Kashmir, is situated near Chrar-e-Sharif, 28 kilometers away from Srinagar. To Skinderpora, that is.
When Syed Taj-ud-din first arrived in Sukh Nag, it was in honor of Sheikh Noor-ud-din Noorani (RA), who dispersed the religion over other villages and eventually arrived in Skinderpora. After Khag’s execution at the hands of Afghan governor Atta Mohammad Khan, the Mala Kol discreetly followed him from Sukh Nag. Islam’s Sangram message in the Kashmir Valley.
Usman Memmorial
Jhangar’s Usman Memorial is one of the destination’s most well-known tourist attractions.
This memorial was built in honor of Brigadier Mohammed Usman, who is regarded by the public as the person responsible for freeing the Jhangar district that was captured.
In 1948, Brigadier Mohammed Usman lost his life defending the area against an onslaught by Pakistan.
The task of caring for the Usman Memorial has been assigned to the Jhangar Infantry Unit. Mohammed
Usman and other citizens are honored for their valiant actions at this location on July 3rd each year. The name of this memorial service is “Jhangar Day.”
Vaishno Devi
It is in Katra Reasi
In many Hindu legends, Vaishno Devi—also called Mata Rani, Trikuta, Ambe, and Vaishnavi—is a manifestation of the mother goddess Lakshmi. As a unified manifestation of the goddesses Mahakali, Mahalakshmi, and Mahasarasvati, Vaishno Devi is worshipped.
These are the places in Jammu and Kashmir which are important for the Exams.
